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Friday, August 31, 2018

2018/014) Find all triples (p,x,y) such that p^x= y^4+4 where p is a prime and x and y are natural numbers

We have p^x=(y^4+4) = (y^4+ 4y^2+4) - 4y^2= (y^2+2)^2-(2y)^2
Or p^x= (y^2+2y+2)(y^2-2y+2)
Now as p is prime we have both y^2+2y+2) and (y^2-2y+2) are powers of p and as
(y^2-2y+2) < (y^2+2y+2)
So (y^2-2y+2) divides (y^2+2y+2) divides the difference that is 4y
So y^2 - 2y +2 -4y <=0 or y^2-6y+2<=0 or (y-3)^2< 7 or y - 3 < 3 or y < 6
Putting y = 1 to 5 in original equation we see that (p,x,y) = (5,1,1) is the only solution

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