Saturday, July 25, 2015

2015/065) What is the value of f(14400) from the following case?

  • Function f from the positive integers to the positive integers satisfies the following conditions:
    1. $f(xy)=f(x)+f(y)-1$ for any pair of positive integers x and y.
    2. $f(x)=1$ holds for only finitely many x.
    3. $f(30)=4$

    Solution
    From (1) we find that
    $f(30)=f(2*15)=f(2)+ f(15)-1$
    = $f(2)+ f(3*5)-1$
    = $f(2) + f(3) + f(5) – 2$

    With (3) this yields:
    $f(2)+f(3)+f(5)-2=4$
    $f(2)+2f(3)+f(5)=6 (4)$

    Lemma (1)

    Neither f(2), nor f(3), nor f(5) can be 1.

    Proof
    Suppose  one of them is 1, say $f(2)$, then $f(2^k)=kf(2)-k+1=1$
    That means that infinitely many numbers x have $f(x)=1$
    This is a contradiction with (2).

    Combining lemma with [1] tells us that f(2)=f(3)=f(5)=2.
    Lemma (2)
    $f(a^n) = n f(a) – (n-1)$


    the above can be proved by induction


    It follows from (1) that:
    $f(14400)=f(144 * 100)$
    = $f( 2^ 4 * 3^ 2 * 2^2 * 5^2)$
    = $f(2^6 * 3^2 * 5^2)$
    = $6f(2) + 2f(3) + 2f(5)- 9 = 6 * 2 – 5 + 2 * 2 -1 + 2 * 2 – 1 - 2 = 10*2 - 9 = 11$
    I have solved the same at https://in.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20131011072645AAoFbsS




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